Countries
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2006 Country Pages
December 5, 2006
This document features the latest information on European and Asian countries.
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South Korea - COUNTRY PAGE for 2003
February 20, 2003
Rapid industrialization has created a myriad of serious environmental problems for South Korea. South Korea has recently amended its recycling regulations, but has not repealed its ban on PS foam and PVC wraps packaging and users are paying high fees. There is a new mandate on electronics, and more labeling requirements. The Country Page covers cultural background and retail systems, MSW, the Authorization law and recent amendments, deposits, package recycling mandates, the "empty space ratio," electronics packaging, coding , transport packaging mandates, recycled content requirements, bans and landfill bans, other waste streams, use of deposit funds, ecolabeling, voluntary environmental management agreements, and contacts.
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China - COUNTRY PAGE for 2003
By Ee Lin Wan
February 20, 2003
China has cracked down on imports of scrap since the Basel Action Network expose in March 2002. China has recently created a number of new regulations impacting product importers. It is trying to set up a full battery collection system, and is considering a shared responsibility system for used electronics, with product makers paying half the cost.
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BELGIUM Country Page 2002
February 11, 2002
BELGIUM: All the power in Belgium is in the three regions: Brussels, Walloon and Flanders. Inter-cooperation agreement was necessary for packaging, and thee will be new regional agreements signed soon for electronics collection. Belgium is one of several countries that requires prevention plans from companies on their packaging. Country page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, deposits and fees, Eco-taxes, Co-operation agreement, Product standards law, transport packaging mandates, bans, other waste streams, including batteries and electronics, domestic ecolabeling program, FOST Plus and Vali-I-PAC fees for packaging, contact phone numbers. 2/11/2002
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Singapore - COUNTRY PAGE for 2003
February 20, 2003
The city-state has no direct mandates on manufacturers, though there are studies on new incentives to maximize recycling. A new Green Plan was filed in 2002. The Country Page covers cultural factors, retail systems, MSW disposal, studies on recycling, voluntary programs, deposits, other waste streams (including medical, chemical,wood, and batteries), ecolabeling program, and contact phone numbers.
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Malaysia - COUNTRY PAGE 2003
By Ee Lin Wan
February 20, 2003
Malaysia is trying to make its recycling mandates stick, with new plans for 2003. The Country Page includes cultural notes, information on retail systems, waste/recycling authorities, MSW disposal, deposits and fees, package recycling mandates, legislation, incentives and new initiatives, recycling rules governing specific materials, ozone-depleting substances, transport packaging mandates, bans, other waste streams, eco-labeling and contact information.
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ITALY Country Page 2002
February 21, 2002
Italy has implemented the packaging directive and has its own electronics recycling law. However, implementation has been slow and hard to measure. The Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, deposits and fees, package recycling mandates, transport packaging mandates, package labeling requirements, bans, other waste streams, including electronics and batteries, collection organization data and fees (CONAI), contact phone numbers.
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EAST EUROPE Country Pages 2002
February 21, 2002
HUNGARY: Hungary has a product fee system, and was one of the first countries to adopt a package recycling mandate. Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, deposits and fees, Package recycling mandates, transport packaging mandates, other waste streams, contact phone numbers.
POLAND: Poland is set to enact two broad laws that will cover packaging takeback as well as takeback on batteries, lamps, tires and certain appliances. It currently has a tax on plastic packaging. The Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, eco-taxes, draft package recycling mandates, transport packaging mandates, bans, other waste streams, including electronics and batteries, contact phone numbers.
The current edition of country pages carries regulatory and packaging laws in brief from Croatia, The Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine. For more details on any country in particular, please call Raymond Communications at 301-345-4237
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HONG KONG Country Page 2002
February 21, 2002
Hong Kong has some voluntary recycling programs in effect, but there are no recycling laws – "let the market handle it" is still the rule. Paper, plastics and metals make up 78.7% of the materials recovered, while wood, textiles and other materials make up the rest. There is a consumer deposit on bottles of some soft drinks and milk manufactured and bottled in Hong Kong. MSW disposal, packaging regulation plans, deposits, transport packaging mandates, other waste streams, green labeling, contact phone numbers.
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INDONESIA Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
Indonesia has a waste problem, but its system still relies upon rag pickers at landfills. The Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, other waste streams, green labeling, contact phone numbers from 1997.
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NEW ZEALAND Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
The Zero Waste New Zealand Trust has been spreading its gospel around the world, but this country has voluntary recycling programs. The Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, voluntary programs, other waste streams, ecolabeling, contact phone numbers.
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LATIN AMERICA INTRODUCTION 2001
By Keith Ripley
May 23, 2001
Basic overview of recycling policy developments in Latin American countries, covering packaging, batteries, electronics, tires, plastics, flourescent lamps, used oil, pesticide packaging, construction waste, and expired medicines; eight countries mentioned.
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ARGENTINA Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
Most of the power in Argentina lies with the state governments, and there are currently voluntary recycling programs and deposits. However, there are some stringent proposals in the Congress that would restrict packaging, hazardous wastes, industrial waste, and battery takeback. Country Page covers cultural, retail systems, MSW disposal, deposits, packaging mandates, coding, bans, federal proposals, green purchasing, and seven contacts.
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COLOMBIA Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
Politics has prevented Colombia from enforcing many of its environmental laws in the past. There are proposals for a recycling law that would impact importers, but apparently it has not been enacted. Country Page covers cultural, retail, MSW disposal, recycling figures, deposits, proposed packaging policies, material coding, landfill bans , other waste streams, ecolabeling; contacts.
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PERU Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
While jurisdiction for the environment is fuzzy, a new packaging takeback law passed in 2000 makes Peru the first Latin American country to jump on the “producer responsibility” bandwagon at the federal level. Country Page covers cultural, retail, MSW disposal, deposits, packaging mandate, industrial and hazardous waste; contacts.
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VENEZUELA Country Page 2001
May 22, 2001
Venezuela is environmentally aware, though recycling is taken care of internally. It has not ratified the Basel Convention. Country Page covers cultural, retail, MSW disposal, recycling figures, deposits, packaging policies, material coding, other waste streams, (Hazardous wastes) contacts.
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